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凯发k8国际娱乐官网入口中国电梯市场进入变革前夜之建筑物的衍生需求受益于城镇化建设

2024-10-29 07:22:42

  电梯在高层建筑的人□▽▲■、物运输上得以被广泛接受和大规模应用▷☆▽•。占电梯产量比重约为85%-▲○。并在景区…▽▽▲★、矿山等特殊领域得到广泛应用…★▽•●。电梯主要包括垂直运行的垂直电梯▼■★△△、倾斜方向运行的自动扶梯以及倾斜或水平方向运行的自动人行道△▼▲▷。电梯产品已成为高层建筑和公共基础设施必不可少的配套设备…○◆◁▪,通常根据运行速度的不同将垂直电梯分为低速电梯▪●△◆、中速电梯和高速电梯▷••▼●=?

  目前国内已形成较为完整的电梯上游零部件产业链☆◆▽•,在市场占比达97%的中低速□▼◁☆。

  电梯作为典型的机电一体化系统●○,无论垂直电梯还是自动扶梯均由机械系统和电气系统构成-◇••…。其中自动扶梯的工作原理相对简单▲■◇●○▪,技术含量相对较低▲■•=▷◆,原理是一个曳引主机带着一条驱动链在跑•▲…,驱动链上装着梯级或者踏板…▲□▼,主要用于机场▲▪…▷◁▽、地铁■▽-◁、商场□◆◇•、写字楼等商业场所★…▽。垂直电梯结构相较自动扶梯稍微复杂○■▽■△●,其机械装置包括载客系统▲▪-••▪、门系统•▲=●□◁、重量平衡系统▼•▼△=•、导轨系统■▽◁●◇、安全保护系统和拽引系统■•▷-◇;电气装置包括电力拖动系统•★☆★▪△、电气装置系统•…●●★□。电梯的技术核心在于以曳引机为中心的驱动技术和以控制柜为中心的控制技术□▷▽□。

  作为建筑物的衍生需求▽▷□▷□,房地产是电梯业最重要的下游产业△▪▪▷○。电梯主要配套于房地产和公共交通领域■▪★□。其中房地产占比在98%以上=◆▷◁○,是电梯行业最重要的下游领域▪△•,住宅类房地产为配套主力•★,占比约在66%○■。从电梯品类来看◁☆□△,垂直电梯和自动扶梯及自动人行道下游应用区别较大▪☆◇•◆,70%以上的垂直电梯主要应用于居民住宅▲▽•◆=△,而80%以上的自动扶梯及自动人行道应用于商场等公共场所•▽•-。

  随着人们对工作生活环境便捷性要求的提高以及电梯行业的不断成熟与发展■★△,电梯属于建筑物衍生需求中的特种设备◆□,自1852年美国人奥的斯发明了第一台具有安全保护装置的升降梯以来▽▽★•,垂直电梯有按用途▽…▷、驱动方式◆△▽、运行速度等多种分类方式凯发k8国际娱乐官网入口☆■,是动力驱动利用沿刚性导轨运行的箱体或者沿固定线路运行的梯级(踏步)••★,进行升降或者平行运送人▽•○、货物的机电设备•--…=◇。现今凯发k8国际娱乐官网入口▪△•▪▽,垂直电梯是应用最广泛的产品类别▽☆▪★,中低速电梯为最普遍的应用类型◁○◇,占比约在97%▷▽。